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    Cultivating Top-Notch Innovative Talents
  • Cultivating Top-Notch Innovative Talents
    Integrating Science and Education to Empower the Cultivation of Top-Notch Innovative Talents
    YAN Chunhua
    2025, 41(2): 1-4. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.01
    Abstract ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The integration of science and education is to place the two systems of scientific research and education in a symbiotic and interdependent development field, and work together to promote talent cultivation and practical activities. As an important intersection of education and scientific research, the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents can achieve synergistic effects in improving the quality of talent cultivation by strengthening their deep integration, and produce significant results beyond simple superposition. The cultivation of top-notch innovative talents needs to follow the laws of education and the development and growth of students’ physical and mental health, break down the barriers between different stages of primary, secondary, and tertiary education, effectively connect higher education and basic education, achieve differentiated cultivation, reasonable extension, and effective connection at different levels of students, and build a systematic and long-term integrated mechanism for the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents in primary, secondary, and tertiary education. The cultivation of top-notch innovative talents should not only break through the existing conventional mode of talent cultivation, but also respect the laws of educational development and talent growth, and carry out targeted and specialized training.
  • Cultivating Top-Notch Innovative Talents
    From “Knowledge Possession” to “Knowledge Creation”: The Process and Mechanism of Cognitive Paradigm Shift in Students of the “Pilot Reform Program of Enrollment for Basic Disciplines”
    ZHU Deling; GUO Shihao; YU Xiulan
    2025, 41(2): 5-12. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.02
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    How to realize the cognitive paradigm shift from “knowledge possession” to “knowledge creation” is still a black box that needs to be revealed. Through in-depth interviews with 20 students of the “Pilot Reform Program of Enrollment for Basic Disciplines”, it was found that their cognitive paradigm shift manifested itself in a shift from “strong knowledge inertia” to “constructive innovation”. Among them, cognitive conflict is not the inevitable cause of the paradigm shift; rather, the more direct driving force is higher-order cognitive engagement. Driven by self-awareness and self-regulation, motivation for innovation and metacognitive experience indirectly influence the cognitive paradigm shift. Along with the cyclical process of reflective monitoring, students in the “Pilot Reform Program of Enrollment for Basic Disciplines” undergo a cognitive paradigm shift as they continuously expand their thinking and practice new skills. Therefore, universities can cultivate a disruptive mindset in “Pilot Reform Program of Enrollment for Basic Disciplines” students towards traditional paradigms through approaches such as a “scenario-based” training model. This approach allows students to integrate real-world experiences with theoretical knowledge in groundbreaking and revolutionary research practices, ultimately transforming knowledge into wisdom and fostering innovation that challenges established norms and paves the way for new paradigms.
    • Modernization of Higher Education Governance
  • Modernization of Higher Education Governance
    The Realistic Dilemma and Path Expansion of China’s Higher Education Governance in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
    GE Daokai1,2; ZHANG Gangyao3; LIU Zituan3
    2025, 41(2): 13-18. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.03
    Abstract ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the governance of higher education has roughly gone through three paths: direct government management (1949-1997), partial empowerment management (1998-2011), and exploration of collaborative governance (2012 present). Entering the era of artificial intelligence, the existing governance paths of higher education in China have shown signs of difficulty. Currently, there are still realistic dilemmas such as a weak sense of government boundaries, low social participation, higher education reform’s habit of self-referential institutional logic, the need for further clarification of role positioning, and lagging construction of governance rules and methods. In view of this, it is proposed to embed the “technological governance path” into the existing higher education governance mechanism, enabling higher education governance to move from “hierarchically fragmented and segmentary division” to “integrated operation based on digital space”, from “reactive governance” to “predictive governance”, and from “fuzzy decision-making based on experience” to “precise decision-making driven by data”. At the same time, to avoid adverse effects of artificial intelligence empowerment on higher education governance, it is suggested to establish a higher education governance concept that emphasizes both technology and humanity, build a governance foundation that takes into account both materiality and normativity, and implement a governance model that combines openness and security.
    • The Learning and Development of Undergraduates
  • The Learning and Development of Undergraduates
    From “Dependence” to “Autonomy”: The Impact of Intensive Counseling on the Development of High-Achieving Low-Income Undergraduates
    LIU Haihua1; ZHU Qiong1; NIE Qian2; YANG Po1; ZHANG Jianing1
    2025, 41(2): 19-26,35. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.04
    Abstract ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Intensive counseling activities, centered around one-on-one conversation between undergraduates college counselors, serve as an innovative approach for assisting high-achieving low-income undergraduates’adaptation college life, eliminating potential inequality in educational process and outcome. Focusing on intensive counseling activities within the “Yanyuan Qihang Program” of the Student Financial Aid Center at Peking University, this paper investigates the impact of these activities on the development of high-achieving low-income undergraduates, as well as the role of counselors. Based on self-authorship theory and learning partnership model, quantitative analysis finds that intensive counseling significantly enhances students’general and professional abilities. Qualitative analysis reveals that “seeing”, “empathizing”, and “giving a man a fish and teaching him how to fish” are the three major strategies for counselors in conducting intensive counseling. During the intensive counseling process, counselors have transformed from supervisors and managers to companions and supporters, and students have transformed from “dependence” to “autonomy”. Universities shall enhance their external support system for intensive counseling, in order to maximize the impact of non-financial support for high-achieving low-income undergraduates.
  • The Learning and Development of Undergraduates
    Research on the Impact and Mechanism of Scholarships on College Students’ Learning Development
    ZHOU Xiting1; GUO Fei2; SHI Jinghuan2
    2025, 41(2): 27-35. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.05
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    Scholarships, as a key form of financial aid, reward excellence and promote all-around development of college student. This study revealed that there are certain differences in the background characteristics of the students who receive scholarships. Obtaining a scholarship helps improve students’ academic performance and promotes the development of their knowledge, abilities, and self - awareness. The positive effect of scholarships on students’ learning and development is manifested through increased learning input, especially emotional input. In the future, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of universality of the scholarship policy, expand the group of beneficiary students, optimize the evaluation criteria, and strengthen the value - added evaluation of students’ abilities and qualities. Additionally, a scientific tracking system for the implementation effect of scholarships should be established to regularly evaluate and provide feedback on their actual financial aid effects. Potential problems that may be caused by the scholarship system also need to be guarded against, so as to further give play to the function of scholarships in “rewarding excellence and educating students” and improve the quality of talent cultivation in colleges and universities.
  • The Learning and Development of Undergraduates
    How Student Financial Aid Policies Foster Educational Effectiveness: An Empirical Study of Universities in Beijing, Shanghai, and Zhejiang
    HAN Xia; HAN Xueying; YANG Mingyi
    2025, 41(2): 36-43. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.06
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    Student financial aid is an important means to ensure educational fairness and the rational allocation of resources. Funding education is the foothold of student financial aid. This paper takes undergraduate students in universities in Beijing, Shanghai and Zhejiang as the research objects，and conducts investigation and empirical analysis on the effect of student financial aid. The study finds that the scale and structure of financial aid and the environment of financial aid have a positive impact on the effect of student financial aid, and the individual orientation of students plays an intermediary role in the path of affecting the effect; the heterogeneity analysis based on regions and university types shows that the funding environment has a particularly significant impact on the funding effect of universities. In order to improve the effect of funding education, while improving the coverage and accuracy of funding, we should optimize the allocation of educational resources and strengthen multi-coordination.
    • College Entrance Examination Reform
  • College Entrance Examination Reform
    Research on Reform of College Entrance Examination Promotes Students’ All-Around Development of Morality, Intelligence, Physical, Aesthetics, and Labor Education
    LIU Haifeng1; ZHU Peipei2
    2025, 41(2): 44-50. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.07
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    Using qualitative research methods and policy instruments theory, this study analyzed valid responses of 4432 college students to the open-ended question “Suggestions on Promoting the All-round Development of Morality, Intelligence, Physical, Aesthetic, and Labor Education in College Entrance Examination (CEE) Comprehensive Reform” in “CEE Reform Questionnaire Survey”, the results show the following: The promotion of students’ all-round development through CEE papers is difficult to measure uniformly and may cause limitations in exam-oriented education. However, it can promote the four aspects through intellectual education, and improve its quality; To promote the all-round development through subject-selection system, it is necessary to strengthen the matching of high-school career planning education and the construction of teaching staff, and optimize scoring mechanism and enrollment plan allocation; The comprehensive quality evaluation promotes the all-round development, facing urban-rural and family differences. The content design and practical operation still need to be improved. The authors suggest grasping the dialectical unity between all-round development and individuality; Reasonably use CEE papers, subject selection, and comprehensive quality evaluation; Correctly understand the promoting effect of CEE reform on the all-round development.
  • College Entrance Examination Reform
    Who Will be the Pioneer: An Investigation Based on the Diffusion of the “New College Entrance Examination” Policy
    GU Liujian; WANG Caiyun
    2025, 41(2): 51-58. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.08
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    Using event history analysis, this study explores the pilot and diffusion process of the “New College Entrance Examination” policy from 2014 to 2022. The results indicate a significant central-led regional coordination logic in the diffusion of the “New College Entrance Examination” policy, which generally spreads from east to west. Some provinces acted as early adopters, providing experiential references for subsequent reforms in neighboring provinces, resulting in a multi-point radiation diffusion phenomenon. Provinces with a high proportion of tertiary industry, low self-sufficiency in educational investment, strong reform inertia, high levels of openness, and where administrative leaders have grassroots practical experience, as well as provincial-level administrative regions that are directly governed, are more likely to become early adopters of the “New College Entrance Examination” policy. Conversely, provinces with high per-student educational investment, large candidate populations, administrative leaders with backgrounds in management or education, significant pressure from neighboring provinces, and those classified as autonomous regions tend to adopt the “New College Entrance Examination” policy later.
    • The Independent Knowledge System of Chinese Higher Education
  • The Independent Knowledge System of Chinese Higher Education
    Research on the Mind and Characteristics of the Constructors of the Autonomous Knowledge System in Chinese Higher Education: Based on the Perspective of Academic Life Course
    GONG Qinzheng
    2025, 41(2): 59-67. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.09
    Abstract ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Constructors are key factors in the construction of autonomous knowledge systems in Chinese higher education. The theory of academic life course provides a precise analytical framework for understanding the growth and stage - based tasks of scholars who construct knowledge systems. Through in - depth interviews, it has been discovered that the disciplinary training of these constructors shapes a mental structure with a stable order in their minds, and is influenced by the localization and disciplinarization of knowledge. The foundation and logic of constructing the autonomous knowledge system are conveyed through teaching and research activities, manifested as the constructors’ value distinctions and biases regarding Chinese and Western knowledge, the loss of subjectivity, and the superstitious inclination towards “Western centrism”. The stage theory of rational action logic implicitly expresses a developmental idea that influences the academic life process of scholars, and the stages of constructing an autonomous knowledge system match the characteristics shown by the constructors. Starting from interdisciplinarity and practicality, progressing to normativity and dependence, and then moving on to reflectivity and experimentation, constructors must find the right starting point for each stage, and construct the autonomous knowledge system of Chinese higher education with reference, transformation, and innovation.
    • Academic Degree and Graduate Education
  • Academic Degree and Graduate Education
    Academic or Utilitarian: How Educational Doctoral Students’ Learning Motivations Influence Academic Achievement
    QIN Hongxia1; LI Junxiao1,2; ZHANG Bin3; ZHANG Zhongping1; ZHOU Jianhua4
    2025, 41(2): 68-74,108. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.10
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    Based on survey data from national educational doctoral training institutions, this study analyzes the impact mechanisms of different learning motivations on the academic achievements of educational doctoral students. The results show that the impact mechanisms of different learning motivations on academic achievement vary; academic interest motivation enhances ability development and learning satisfaction, while utilitarian orientation facilitates degree completion, with learning engagement playing a crucial role. Furthermore, there are significant differences in the factors influencing the two types of motivations. Academic interest motivation is more influenced by intrinsic factors such as academic atmosphere, mentor guidance, and curriculum teaching, while utilitarian motivation is more influenced by extrinsic factors like peer assistance and academic management. The study also found that the learning motivations of educational doctoral students have a clear practical orientation, not just knowledge accumulation and paper publication, which is in line with the original purpose of establishing the degree. Therefore, universities should optimize institutional arrangements, clarify the professional positioning and training objectives of educational doctoral programs, emphasize the applicability, practicality, and innovation, create a favorable environment, adjust and optimize learning motivations, and stimulate learning engagement.
    • Research and Exploration
  • Research and Exploration
    “Converge” or “Classify”: Application-Oriented University and Vocational University in the Process of Education System Optimization
    CHEN Xianzhe1; PENG Xinhong2
    2025, 41(2): 75-82. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.11
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    Since the New Era, China has significantly accelerated the process of promoting the optimization of the education system, and strengthening the construction of vocational education at the undergraduate level has become one of the important policy actions. There are two main policy and action attempts in China: the first is the “modified version” of application-oriented undergraduate transformation, and the second is the “upgraded version” of vocational education undergraduate pilot. From the perspective of macro-level policy supply intention, more emphasis on the difference between the two and advocate classified development. However, from the perspective of actual school-running comparison at the micro level, they tend to be more “homogenous” .In the future the two will face more entangled development problems such as “convergence” or “diversion”. We should start from the systematic thinking and use a two-step strategy for the future, not only adhere to the continuity and stage of the policy on the supply side, but also respect the demand side for high-quality education,and realize the high quality optimization of the education system.
  • Research and Exploration
    Does Policy Coordination Effectively Inhibit University Innovation Bubble: A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on the Dual Pilot Policy
    YE Jianmu1; GAO Zihui1; DONG Yujun1; WANG Zhichao2
    2025, 41(2): 83-91. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.12
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    The issue of innovation bubbles in universities has attracted continuous attention. To accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the Chinese government has implemented a dual-pilot policy since 2008, establishing innovative cities and national technology transfer demonstration institutions. Based on the panel data from 442 undergraduate universities in China, a multistage dynamic difference-in-differences (DID) model was constructed to find that the dual pilot policy significantly inhibits the university innovation bubble, and the inhibitory effect of the dual pilot policy is more significant than that of the single pilot policy. At the same time, the inhibitory effect of the dual pilot policy has nonlinear characteristics, and the industry-university-research cooperation has played a threshold effect. The mechanism test shows that the dual pilot policy achieves inhibition by improving the regional transformation ability of scientific and technological achievements. Further analysis shows that the inhibitory effect of the dual pilot policy is more significant in areas with stronger intellectual property protection and a higher degree of upgrading and rationalization of industrial structure.
    • Education Rule of Law
  • Education Rule of Law
    The Embedding and Unfolding of Criminal Provisions in the Education Code
    GUO Jiahui
    2025, 41(2): 92-99. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.13
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    As a comprehensive field of legislation, the Education Code has undergone a relatively systematic interpretation of macro issues such as compilation paradigms and discourse styles in academia. However, there is still a lack of theoretical research on the micro departmental legal issues involved, especially in education criminal law. The embedding of criminal provisions in the Education Code has a dual necessity at both theoretical and practical levels. In terms of theoretical interaction, it is a necessary path for the sound development of field law. On the basis of theoretical foundation, it is the core engine for cross disciplinary legal legislation supply, and on the basis of practical needs, it is the normative foundation for the connection of governance methods. Criminal provisions should have appropriate institutional space in the Education Code, and it is necessary to uphold the concept of combining education and punishment for disciplinary acts, follow the principle of modesty in the setting of criminal law provisions, and coordinate the relationship between the setting of criminal provisions in the field and criminal law crime provisions, in order to draw a normative blueprint for the inclusion of criminal provisions in the code amidst the tension between the three. The specific implementation of criminal provisions in the Education Code should be a binary approach of procedural and substantive paths, with expert argumentation and public hearings as pre-procedure and mandatory procedures in the procedural path, and a systematic extension of the substantive path based on the interactive paradigm of a “dual layer structure”.
  • Education Rule of Law
    The Scientific Construction of the Students’ Disciplinary Hearing System in Colleges and Universities
    GONG Xiangtian
    2025, 41(2): 100-108. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2025.02.14
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    The introduction of hearing on the core element of due process in the disciplinary action of management of college and university students is of great significance for promoting the rule of law and harmony in the management of college and university students, especially the respect and protection of students’ legitimate rights and interests. At present, a very small number of colleges and universities in China have carried out the exploration and practice of the construction of the student disciplinary hearing system, but there are still many shortcomings due to the negative impact of the traditional power-based concept and the lack of laws, regulations and rules of education administration at the national level. The scientific construction of the student disciplinary hearing system in China’s colleges and universities should follow the concept of student-oriented, be based on the superior laws, regulations and rules of reasonable education administration at the national level, and should cover the basic contents such as the preparation system before the students’ disciplinary hearing, the operation system during the students’ disciplinary hearing, and the guarantee system after the students’ disciplinary hearing.