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    Keynote Articles
  • Keynote Articles
    The Study of Modernization of First-Class Universities Governance System in China
    GUAN Peijun1; YAN Fengqiao2; CAO Xiaojie2
    2021, 37(09): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.01
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    The authors employ questionnaire survey, interview, ideal-type methods, create analytical framework drawn from modernization theory and organizational theory, especially rational bureaucratic model by Max Weber, to explore such questions as governance scenarios, its characteristics, environment, dynamics and trends in Chinese universities. Data are analyzed, and scenarios are described. On basis of empirical analyses, it is argued that rational rationale works, and Chinese universities are experiencing modernization, transiting from tradition to modern, from particularity to universality. In the meanwhile, they have shown some modern diseases as utilitarian, over-competition, and weak value rational. These are challenges that Chinese universities have to address in achieving their goals and issues of modernization of their governance systems.
  • Keynote Articles
    Institutions and People: The Construction and Evolution of University Governance
    LI Liguo; WANG Mengran
    2021, 37(09): 10-17. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.02
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    University governance is the result of the interaction between institutions and people. It is important to focus on both the design and supply of institutions and the values of people as actors of governance body. The construction of university governance is a process of continuous improvement in practice, and it is the result of gradual evolution rather than subjective design. The significance of the university institutions is determined by the complexity and uncertainty of modern universities, the plurality of interests and values among different stakeholders, and the limited rationality of decision makers. Highlighting the significance of institution in university governance does not mean that institutions are subjectively designed and invariable, rather, it is meant to emphasize that institutions are the result of the interaction of the external environment and people who acts as the governance body. It also points out emphatically that institutions are the process of constantly constructing, developing, and improving university governance through institutional cognition, practice, and identity.
    • High Quality Development of Higher Education
  • High Quality Development of Higher Education
    The Structural System of Higher Education in the New Era
    MA Luting
    2021, 37(09): 18-24. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.03
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    The education system is based on structure and connected by relationship. The high-quality education system includes elements such as structure matching society, vertical and horizontal coordination of relationship, smooth system flow, automatic and timely adjustment and so on. The research explains the connotation, direction and “exterior interior” relationship between high-quality education system and high-quality education development, puts forward the principles of constructing higher education structure system, and discusses the important relationship variables and future work focus.?During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the construction of China’s higher education structure system should face the new development pattern, pay attention to the demographic changes and structural needs of urban and rural areas and industries, consolidate the connotative development based on essential characteristics, attach importance to the internationalization of education and society’s impact on school running, strive to improve the new driving force of national innovation and development, and take?“theoretical, practical, applied,?vocational”?as colleges and universities?classification?framework?to develop.
  • High Quality Development of Higher Education
    The Era Connotation and Practice Path of High Quality Development of Higher Education
    ZHANG Jin; WANG Jiayi
    2021, 37(09): 25-30. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.04
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    High quality development is not only the realistic requirement of higher education to adapt to the economic and social development, but also the historical necessity of higher education’s own development. It is the theme of the times to lead the development of higher education for a long time in the future. The high quality development of higher education is all-round, sufficient and long-term: The high quality development of higher education is not only the high quality development of some regions, some types or a few universities, but also the high quality development of all regions, all levels and all colleges and universities; The high quality development of higher education is not a temporary scale construction, but a comprehensive planning, steady and innovative development; The development of higher education with high quality is not for a while, for a region, but for the long term and for the overall development requirements. In order to achieve high quality development of higher education,we should taking personnel training as the core task is the “lifeline” of high quality development of higher education; Taking scientific research as the basic support is the “source” of high quality development of higher education; Taking social service as an important path is the “dependence” of high quality development of higher education; Taking cultural innovation as conscious action is the “soul” of high quality development of higher education.
    • The Construction of the Faculties in Colleges and Universities
  • The Construction of the Faculties in Colleges and Universities
    From “Good Teacher” to “Great Educator”: The Basic Path of Teachers’ Ethics and Virtue Construction in Colleges and Universities
    WANG Xinqing
    2021, 37(09): 31-37. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.05
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    Since 18th CPC National Congress, General Secretary Xi Jinping has made a series of important instructions for the teachers’ ethics and virtue construction, and clearly put forward the standard, significance and basic requirements of building “Good Teacher” and becoming “Great Educator”. To strengthen the construction of teachers’ ethics in colleges and universities, we should take the important elaboration of General Secretary Xi Jinping as the fundamental guideline for action. Based on the basic policies of strengthening the construction of teachers’ ethics in colleges and universities, we should have a deep understanding of the meaning of strengthening it in the new era and improve the initiative of teachers’ ethics. We should follow the basic principles of ethics and master scientific construction methods. Teachers should keep up with the standards put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping, learn from the example of “People Educator”, do “Grand Academic” and cherish “Great Compassion”, become “Good Teacher” in the eyes of General Secretary Xi Jinping, and strive to be “Great Educator” for educating people in the new era and cultivating talents for our country.
  • The Construction of the Faculties in Colleges and Universities
    Analysis of the Key Tasks and Difficulties in the Construction of Teachers’ Morality in Colleges and Universities
    WEI Jianguo
    2021, 37(09): 38-44. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.06
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    Teachers’ morality play a very significant role in the construction of teachers?team, leading the direction of the construction of teachers?team. The construction of teachers’ morality in colleges and universities involves many factors and faces a series of specific contradictions. Only by focusing on the key tasks and solving the pain points and difficulties in these contradictions can the construction level be effectively improved. The key tasks of the construction of teachers’ morality in colleges and universities are as follows: to deeply understand Xi Jinping’s important discussion on the construction of teachers’ morality as the fundamental follow, strengthen the support of theoretical thinking; To maintain the reputation of the school and the image of teachers as the core to prevent and resolve major risks of teacher ethics; To strengthen the professional responsibility of teachers as the focus to solve the problem of daily teacher ethics. The pain points and difficulties are as follows: strengthen the daily education and supervision of teachers, so as to effectively transform the norms of teachers’ morality; To construct a reasonable teacher ethics assessment and evaluation management mechanism; Coordinate with other related systems of the school to form a resultant force.
    • China University Global Influence Index
  • China University Global Influence Index
    China University Global Influence Index: Design, Analysis and Insights
    QIN Huimin; CHAI Fangyuan; ZHU Jun; WANG Xiaodong; TU Duanwu
    2021, 37(09): 45-50. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.07
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    Universities’ global performances are evaluated by 4 first-level indicators(Global Influence of Teaching and Research; Global Influence of Teachers and Students; Global Influence of Exchanges and Communication; Global Influence of Social Services), 7 second-level indicators(Instruction; Scientific Research; Teacher; Student; International Exchanges and Cooperation; International Communication; Social Services), 35 third-level indicators(Number of Courses Taught in Foreign Languages; Number of Overseas Monographs; Number of Overseas Educational and Cultural Institutions; etc.) and their weights accordingly. Multiple rounds of the Delphi method and the analytic hierarchy process are adopted to minimize unnecessary volatility. Taking the “Double First-Class” construction universities as the analysis objects, the Index includes 124 universities in China. The results reveal that the global influences of colleges and universities are different in regional distribution, school levels and school nature types.
    • Education Evaluation Reform
  • Education Evaluation Reform
    Why is It Difficult to Break the “Five-Only” in Research Evaluation: The Perspective of Institutional Analysis
    MENG Wei; ZHANG Qun
    2021, 37(09): 51-58. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.08
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    The problem of “Five-Only”(emphasizing only academic papers, academic titles，professional title, diplomas and awards) in the field of research evaluation has been criticized by all circles. Despite frequent policies in recent years, little effect has been achieved at the practical level, and the social circles have not yet found the institutional source of “Five-Only” that is difficult to break. The research evaluation of China is a complex activity that the government, organization and individual logics nested each other, the formation of “Five-Only” and the difficulty to solve result from the conflict of multiple institutional logics and actors have the space of selective execution. The principal-agent distance difference in government logic weakens the institutional binding force. In the multi-tasking mode, the pursuit of measurable performance by organization and individual logics causes “signal cycle”. The objective conflict of triple logic results in the policy objectives transpose transposition and stress accumulation. The assimilation of government logic makes the original academic mission of organization and individual logic being neglected. In the evolution and imitation of the institution, the “Five-Only” orientation is fixed as an informal institution, which produces institutional inertia and hinders the effectiveness of the reform. To solve the “Five-Only”, it is necessary to close the contradictions of multiple logics, strengthen the common value orientation of each subject, take universities as the breakthrough point, increase the stable support and deepen the reform, and reduce the inertia and convergence of the institution.
  • Education Evaluation Reform
    Dependent Autonomy: Reconstruction of the Relationship Between the Third Party Organization and the Government in Higher Education Evaluation
    CAO Jing; CHE Liping
    2021, 37(09): 59-64. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.09
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    Dependent autonomy provides a new way to re-understand the relationship between third party educational evaluation organization and the government. The third-party evaluation organization of higher education, on the basis and premise of obtaining government resources, legitimacy and authoritative recognition, can rely on its own will to carry out the evaluation work without interference from others or organizations, and constantly expand its space with its own subjectivity and initiative. Resource dependence and professional autonomy are the main influencing factors of the “dependent autonomy” relationship between the third party evaluation organization and the government in the development process. While obtaining resources and legitimacy, the third-party organization should maintain proper tension between this dependence and the independent development of the organization.
  • Education Evaluation Reform
    The Realistic Examination and Reform Path of the Classification Evaluation of Provincial Colleges and Universities
    DU Ying
    2021, 37(09): 65-71. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.10
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    It has become an important policy tool for the provincial government to explore the classified management to promote the classified development of colleges and universities by means of evaluation in recent years. Through policy text analysis, field research and in-depth interviews, this paper examines the problems existing in the current practice of the classification evaluation of provincial colleges and universities, and puts forward the reform path of promoting the classified development of colleges and universities driven by evaluation, including clarifying the type differentiation of universities, establishing diversified evaluation based on discipline characteristics; to guide and encourage colleges and universities to establish their own strategic objectives according to classification and change their quality concept; from the “resource view” focusing on the identification function to the “value-added view” focusing on the development process, from the evaluation of school running level to the value-added evaluation guiding the development of colleges and universities; change the dominant position of the government in the classified evaluation and consolidate the multi participatory evaluation system foundation of the combination of administrative accountability, professional accountability and market accountability.
    • Labor Education
  • Labor Education
    Four Dimensions of Labor Education System Construction for College in the New Era
    Research Group of Labor Education in Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics
    2021, 37(09): 72-76. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.11
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    The labor education system is the sum of labor experience education, labor relationship education and labor value education. The construction of labor education system for college is closely related to the fate and the successful realization of strategic objectives of the Party and the country. In the new era, colleges should adhere to the consciousness of problems, focus on the specific goal of labor education for college students, and take the labor education curriculum as the basic path to explore the labor education system suitable for their own characteristics.
  • Labor Education
    Reflection and Realization of Labor Education in Universities: A Case Study of Professional Degree Talents Cultivation
    SHEN Xi1; LUO Limin1; DU Xuewen2
    2021, 37(09): 77-82. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.12
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    Determined by subjective features such as subject-object conformity, practice-orientation and emotionality, the unique educational value of labor is generally realized with efforts made in collaboration, accordance and “actual involvement” and only with proper labor education can the subjects acquire the abilities and cultivate certain qualities. This study is aimed to conduct an analysis of what has led to the strong disciplinary inclination, inadequate practical competence and poor professionalism from the perspective of labor education. It is proposed that a cultivation model featured with application and innovation should be established with an implementation-oriented curriculum system designed and a practice-internship constructed so as to integrate labor education into all aspects of talents cultivation. It is believed that a talents cultivation model featured with labor education based on the system of sending sci-tech exports to rural areas is conducive to the construction of a team of talents specialized in agricultural development with adequate practical competence and excellent professionalism.
    • Comparative Education
  • Comparative Education
    The Institutional Conception and Practice Exploration of the Same Legal Person in Japan’s Many National Universities
    WANG Wenli; GAO Weihang
    2021, 37(09): 83-90. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.13
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    The multiple universities with the same legal person system which is design and implementing in the third cycle of the National University Corporate Reform have significant advantage. The multiple universities with the same legal person system maintain the independence and characteristics, and integrate education and research resources of each university, meanwhile, it also coordinate regional industry-university cooperation. This system focuses on improving the research capabilities of Japan’s national universities and create diverse talent training models and collaborative research mechanisms. This system is aimed at stimulating the vitality of regional economic development and enhance the international competitiveness of national universities. This system reflects the Japan’s government’s introduction of the concept of “competition through cooperation” in national universities, and the integration of the strengths of national universities to achieve regional revitalization and the dual strategic goal of world-class universities. This innovation provides useful experience for China to construct a high-quality modernized higher education system and achieve the aim of high-quality development of higher education.
  • Comparative Education
    Research on the Organization Structural Reform of Higher Education in the Highland of Innovation: A Case Study of San Francisco Bay Area
    XUE Xinlong1; SHI Wei1; HUO Peng2
    2021, 37(09): 91-97. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.14
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    The organizational structure reform of higher education is a necessary link in building an innovation highland. In order to explore the law of the organizational structure reform of higher education in the innovation highland, this paper explores how the higher education system in the San Francisco Bay area can realize the external function of promoting regional innovation and development from five aspects: type and hierarchical structure, formal structure, discipline structure, university organizational structure and teacher structure, through the relevant theories of institutional school and transaction cost school, this paper analyzes the reform logic of the organizational structure of colleges and universities in the bay area. On this basis, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the realization of higher education innovation function and the improvement of organizational structure in the construction of innovation highland in China.
    • Higher Vocational Education
  • Higher Vocational Education
    Practice Exploration, Development Bottleneck and Promotion Strategy of Vocational Undergraduate Education
    LIANG Kedong
    2021, 37(09): 98-102. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.15
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    Vocational undergraduate education is an important breakthrough to improve the modern vocational education system. Under the strong promotion of the policy, vocational undergraduate education is gradually “breaking the ice” in China, and various practical forms such as “transformation”, “cooperative running of schools”, “upgrading” and “transfer” have emerged. However, the substantive progress of vocational undergraduate education in practical exploration is slow. From top-level design to college running to professional construction, there are many practical challenges and development bottlenecks. For example, it is difficult to implement standard system construction, difficult to support and guarantee school conditions, and difficult to iterate and upgrade professional construction. Steady development of vocational undergraduate education is the main direction of vocational education development in China’s future, urgently need to strengthen the top-level design, improve the supporting system, find the development path, steadily expand the scale, strengthen school support, improve school quality, strengthen the professional construction, and promote cooperation to cultivate talents, focus on promoting the steady and long-term vocational undergraduate education.
  • Higher Vocational Education
    The Internal Governance of Higher Vocational Colleges with Mixed Ownership: Connotation Evolution, Theoretical Basis and Practical Approach
    ZHANG Xiaoyu1,2
    2021, 37(09): 103-108. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2021.09.16
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    Mixed ownership higher vocational colleges are an important reform measure to build a modern vocational education system with Chinese characteristics. It is necessary to conduct systematic research of this system in theory. The internal governance system, governance objectives and governance basis of mixed ownership higher vocational colleges have changed in connotation, but participatory governance theory, property right incentive theory and equilibrium game theory provide a theoretical basis for it, which makes this evolution itself reasonable. Facing this innovative measure, it is necessary to re plan the practice approach, which should be carried out from three aspects: mediating the supply-demand relationship of the system, establishing the communication relationship between subjects, and exploring the reform path of “the college as the entity”, so as to realize the significance and advantages of this reform measure in theory and practice.