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    Digitalization of Higher Education
  • Digitalization of Higher Education
    From “3C” to “3I”: Promoting the Deep Digital Development of Higher Education
    YANG Zongkai
    2024, 40(04): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.01
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    As the national education digitalization strategy action starts its third year, education digitalization is entering a new stage of development. Higher education is the leading force. Looking to the past, adhering to the “3C” concept of prioritizing Connection, Content, and Cooperation, higher education digitalization has achieved remarkable results such as iterative upgrades of infrastructure systems, open sharing of high-quality educational resources, and deepening domestic and international cooperation, laying a solid foundation for the comprehensive transformation of higher education digitalization. Based on the current situation, focusing on the “3I” road of Integration, Intelligence, and Internationalization, Wuhan University of Technology actively carries out pioneering practical explorations and strives to be a “test field” for higher education digitalization. It has achieved higher quality in aggregating data resources, higher efficiency in applying intelligent technology, and higher levels of international cooperation, providing support and guidance for the innovation and development of higher education digitization. Looking to the future, we should pay more attention to reshaping the education ecosystem through artificial intelligence, deepening the application service orientation, and promoting an in-depth overall transformation of higher education digitalization.
  • Digitalization of Higher Education
    On the Function and Construction Path of Virtual Teaching Research Section
    BIE Dunrong1,2
    2024, 40(04): 7-14. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.02
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    The virtual teaching research section, which is a digital variant of the physical teaching research section, is a new type of higher education teaching support mechanism established by using information technology and the Internet. It is centered around research on specific subject teaching, course groups teaching, and major teaching reform themes, forming a national or regional network of experts and scholars in colleges, universities and related institutes. It is necessary for the popularization of higher education in the new era and may lead the direction of high-quality development of higher education. Virtual teaching research section has characteristics such as inter school symbiosis, loose relationships, collaborative innovation, and academic navigation. They should fully utilize their organizational advantages and play a role in coordination, promotion, platform, cohesion, and navigation. In order to function effectively, a virtual teaching research section must have academic highlands, enthusiastic academic leaders in teaching research, academic backbone, and high-quality seminar and exchange activities. Strengthening the construction of virtual teaching research sections can take measures such as holding academic forums on teaching, organizing research on cross-university education and teaching projects, leveraging network connectivity and radiation, establishing cross-university virtual operation mechanisms, and seeking enthusiastic support from institutions of higher education.
  • Digitalization of Higher Education
    On the Construction of Our World Class Universities System: Ecological Requirements and Clustering Dimensionality of High Quality Development of Higher Education
    ZHANG Jiming1; MA Luting2,3
    2024, 40(04): 15-22. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.03
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    The high-quality development of higher education requires respecting the ecological law of knowledge activities and following the principle of integrity. However, due to the lack of integrity and systematism of the current higher education strategy in China and the problem of single key construction strategy, the structural imbalance of the higher education system occurs. These problems include non-key universities falling into the dilemma of resource shortage, strong dependence of colleges and universities but weak independent development and service ability, excessive competition among colleges and universities damages the education ecology, and the homogenization of different types of colleges and universities, which violates the basic logic of high-quality development. Therefore, China’s higher education development strategy should strengthen the overall construction, from building a few first-class universities to building a first-class university system. As a development paradigm, college cluster development guides colleges and universities to realize collaborative innovation and efficiency value-added in strengthening inter-university cooperation, which is an effective practice path to promote the construction of first-class university system. To this end, we should provide value guidance, lay discipline foundation and strengthen system guarantee for the development of university clusters through university cluster governance.
    • Cultivating Talents
  • Cultivating Talents
    Building Scientific and Technological Power with Higher Education: Value Orientation, Realistic Challenges and Key Strategies
    FANG Fang; LV Hui
    2024, 40(04): 23-31. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.04
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    Education, science and technology, and talents are the basic and strategic support for comprehensively building a modern socialist country. The value orientation of higher education to build scientific and technological power is reflected in fulfilling the mission of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement, taking on the task of the realization of a strong socialist modernization country, and aiming at the development of the world’s scientific and technological innovation highland. Based on the widely used index system of scientific and technological innovation ability, this study selects indicators closely related to higher education and integrates three dimensions, namely research and development investment, human resources and scientific and technological achievements, to analyze its current challenges in the process of promoting the construction of scientific and technological power. In the future, key strategies that higher education should pursue include: Perfecting the legislation system of scientific and technological innovation and stimulating the original innovation power of university; Improving the efficiency of university research and development input and promoting the emergence of top original achievements; Strengthening the independent cultivating of talent echelon and optimizing the ecological environment of innovation; Constructing the evaluation system of innovation value and promoting scientific and technological achievement transform.
    • Education Rule of Law
  • Education Rule of Law
    On the Path to the Constitutional Basis of the Education Code
    SHEN Suping; YU Ruofan
    2024, 40(04): 32-38. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.05
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    Discovering the constitutional basis of the Education Code is of great significance for insisting on legislating in accordance with the constitution, and insisting on implementing the constitutional provisions, principles and spirit of the constitution into the codification of the Education Code. Education-related provisions in the current Constitution are scattered throughout the various chapters. It is found that there are three logical lines in the Constitution: the State recognizes and guarantees citizens’ right to education, the State develops socialist education, and the State implements socialist ideological education. Almost correspondingly, there are two representative views in the academic community on the core values of the Education Code, namely, “guaranteeing the right of citizens to education” and “developing national education”. The two points of view were examined by introducing the criteria of inclusiveness and comprehensiveness, and it would be more reasonable to take “guaranteeing the right of citizens to education” as the core value of the Education Code, and to use it as the central point for discovering the constitutional basis of the Education Code. The constitutional basis of the Education Code has the right to education as its core, the State’s development of socialist education as its preferred form of expression, and the socialist system and the Party’s leadership as its fundamental position.
    • Modernization of Higher Education Governance
  • Modernization of Higher Education Governance
    Resilient Governance of Universities in the Era of Digital Intelligence: Connotation, Orientation and Path
    HUANG Wenwu1; WANG Jianhua2
    2024, 40(04): 39-46. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.06
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    Resilient thinking is embedded in the specific field of university governance in the era of digital intelligence, providing a feasible solution for shaping resilient traits and promoting resilient governance through “technological empowerment” in action to achieve modernization of governance systems and capabilities. There are differences but close connections between “resilient governance” and “governance resilience”. The former is a thinking mode and practical approach to governance, showcasing certain characteristics of governance actions and processes; The latter focuses more on “resilience”, which is the goal direction and result expression of governance actions. The basic dimensions of university governance resilience in the era of digital intelligence mainly include spatial and temporal breadth, structural moderation, depth of empowerment, target accuracy, and value temperature. The orderly implementation of university resilience governance includes the transformation of governance roles from managerial leadership to entrepreneurial leadership, the creation of governance scenarios supported by digital and intelligent technology, and the linkage of internal and external resources and information through virtual open platforms.
  • Modernization of Higher Education Governance
    The Four Operational Logics of the Performance Management Systems of Basic Academic Organizations at Universities: Based on the Perspective of Case Comparison Analysis
    SHEN Weiyi1,2
    2024, 40(04): 47-54. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.07
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    The performance management systems of basic academic organizations are the institutional foundation for promoting the university to realize the strategic goal. Based on the institutional logics theory, this study compared the performance management practices of four Schools at S University. The findings reveal that the state logic, the bureaucratic logic, the market logic and the academic profession logic are the four institutional logics for the operation of the performance management systems of basic academic organizations. These four logics respectively represent the action framework, action decision, action resources and action consensus. The mature bureaucratic logic and the multilevel market logic are the common conditions for basic academic organizations to achieve the expected performance. The understable and unbalanced bureaucratic logics are the similar causes which may lead to the basic academic organizations’ failure to achieve the expected performance.The strong market logic could be the beneficial complement for the weak academic profession logic and the weak bureaucratic logic.The conclusion has practical implications for continuously improving the overall performance and governance effectiveness of basic academic organizations.
    • Comparative Education
  • Comparative Education
    The University of California’s Path to Excellence with a Focus on Developing Its Berkeley Campus as a World Class University
    CHANG Tongshan1,2
    2024, 40(04): 55-63. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.08
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    The rise of the University of California system is the most spectacular achievement of the global higher education development in the 20th century, and its Berkeley campus is recognized as a top public university worldwide for many years. Its success has been attributed to favorable circumstances, but more importantly, to its ethos of pursuing science, being dedicated to innovation, and serving society, as well as its excellent internal governance system. Its shared governance system is characterized as enhancing university governance effectiveness through professional administrative leadership and specialized academic leadership; making every effort to raise funds to ensure high-quality educational resources; hiring the best faculty members and empowering them to do creative research and teaching; closely integrating theory and practice in teaching to enrich student learning experiences and fulfill the mission of training future scientists and leaders; conducting problem-oriented program review to continuously improve program quality. However, factors such as federal government policies, changes in California’s population structure and funding constraints, intensified international competition in higher education will continue to impact the long-term development of the University of California and its Berkeley campus.
  • Comparative Education
    How the Validation of Prior Learning in the Netherlands Can Promote the Learners’ Personalized Learning and Career Development
    CEN Jian1; CHEN Mingkun2
    2024, 40(04): 64-70. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.09
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    In order to identify and utilize more potential social and labour skills and to advance lifelong learning, the Netherlands has established a unique dual-track validation of prior learning system, which identifies, recognizes and accredits knowledge, skills and competencies acquired by learners through non-formal and informal learning outside of formal learning contexts in both the education and labor market tracks. And with the establishing and effective operating of a system of quality assurance, the implementation of multi-stakeholder synergies, the conversions of national qualifications frameworks, and matching validation procedures and modalities, learning and work are closely integrated. So the validation of prior learning is widely adopted by the vocational education institutions, universities of applied sciences, as well as industries and companies, fostering the learners’ personalized learning and career development. The higher vocational education in China already has the legal basis and policy foundation for implementing the validation of prior learning, and so it can draw inspiration from the experience of the Netherlands for its own system construction and practical exploration.
    • Research and Exploration
  • Research and Exploration
    National Higher Education Research Papers Analysis Report in Universities and Colleges in 2023: Based on the Publication Statistics of 23 Most Influential Journals in Education
    China Higher Education Research Editorial Office, Beijing 100191
    2024, 40(04): 71-84. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.10
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    The statistical analysis of higher education research papers published for two decades has the important reference value for producing original knowledge system in Chinese education, and supporting high-quality education development with high-quality education scientific research, and improving the awareness of research activates, and cultivating new academic talents. According to the statistics of the 23 most influential journals in education, public undergraduate universities and colleges contributing far more than other types of institutions. The contribution of “Double First-Class” universities is relatively large, while the participation of other types is low. Regionally, there is a large gap between the central and western regions, northeast regions and eastern regions. Higher education research field has maintained openness due to the diversification of participating institutions and the mainstreaming of co-authorship. Based on the results of keywords analysis, the editorial office selected the top 10 academic hotspots of higher education research in 2023, and invited scholars make relevant comments on the process, opinions and tendencies of the annual research.
    • Academic Degree and Graduate Education
  • Academic Degree and Graduate Education
    Changes and Responses: Research on Independent Cultivation of Top Creative Postgraduate Talents Under the New Landscape of Studying Abroad
    SHEN Wenqin
    2024, 40(04): 85-92. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.11
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    Cultivating top creative talents is an important function of the education system and a major educational policy goal. The higher education system, especially the postgraduate education system, plays an indispensable role in cultivating top creative talents. Since the reform and opening up, China has insisted on independently cultivating high-level talents on the one hand, and on the other hand has adopted policies to encourage students to study abroad, thus forming a dual path of local and study abroad in the cultivation of top creative postgraduate talents. However, with changes in international geopolitics and the enhancement of China’s independent training capabilities, this dual training model is undergoing profound changes. Research points out that after the epidemic, the proportion of college graduates in elite universities going abroad to study for postgraduate studies has shown a significant downward trend. At the same time, some students who are unable to study in the United States have turned to countries such as the United Kingdom and Singapore to study abroad. In this context, on the one hand, China should seize the historical opportunity and continue to improve the ability to independently cultivate top creative postgraduate students. On the other hand, China should further adhere to the opening of education to the outside world and promote the diversification of study abroad destination countries.
  • Academic Degree and Graduate Education
    How does the M.Ed. Degree in American Higher Education Train University Administrators
    ZHAO Jinmin; ZHOU Wenhui
    2024, 40(04): 93-101. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.12
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    In order to improve the professionalism of university administrators, the United States has set up a large number of professional master’s degrees (M.Ed.) to train practical talents and help university construction. In a sense, the M.Ed. degree has become a vocational training for administrative personnel in American colleges and universities. Since the birth of the degree, it has been connected with the management practice of colleges and universities, and in the process of development, it has continued to explore the training mode of management personnel and enhance the core function of its service practice. Throughout the history and current situation of the M.Ed. degree, the degree authorization system, the vocational qualification certificate system, the higher education industry standard, and the professional internship system are the institutional guarantees for the degree development, and help realize the linkage between the higher education specialty and the institution construction. From the perspective of the training process, the training objects have practical experience, the training objectives are combined with professional needs, the curriculum system is personalized, the curriculum content is centered on practical problems, and the internship plan is set up. These are outstanding features of the M.Ed. degree. This has provided some useful references for our country’s administrative management and talents training of higher education.
    • Vocational Education
  • Vocational Education
    Towards the Order of Curriculum: The Concrete Logic of the Integration of Science and Education in Higher Vocational Education
    SHEN Jiale; ZHU Dequan
    2024, 40(04): 102-108. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2024.04.13
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    The integration of science and education is a key measure to promote the qualitative transition of higher vocational education, seize the opportunity of the times and gain strategic initiative. The integration of science and education from the concept to the concrete must take the curriculum as the transfer station, and the important role of the curriculum to play the transfer station is to be able to reconcile the multiple conflicts arising from the integration of science and technology and education, which is comprehensively manifested as a “curriculum order”. The reconciliation of these conflicts requires that the higher vocational science and education integration curriculum can form the value order of “seeking use → seeking truth → seeking goodness” in the value order, construct the structural system of “horizontal cross-border-vertical self-generation” in the structural order, establish the best niche of “administration-market-major” in the subject order, weave the institutional network of “diachronic continuity-synchronic connectivity” in the institutional order, and shape the evaluation pattern of “subject coordination-way complementarity” in the evaluation order. The generation of these five orders is a process from abstract to concrete and then to abstract, from invisible to tangible and then to invisible, from spontaneous to planned and then to spontaneous. It also depends on the dynamic generation of curriculum organization, system, resources and practice in the integration of science and education in higher vocational education.